问题1：将家族企业平均分配还是宣布明确的继任者更好？
我认为，最好宣布一个明确的继任者。
家族企业通常由家族成员经营和控制，以避免委托代理问题并符合家族的利益。
如果将公司平均分配，则家族企业很可能会被接管，否则家族将失去对公司的控制权，因为家族中的每个成员都持有有限的股份，而且他们的利益也不太可能保持一致。
如果任命了明确的继任者，则家族企业将不太可能被接管，因为继任者拥有足够的股份来控制公司和进行反收购。
Question 1: is it better to divide a family firm equally or announce a clear successor?
In my opinion, it is better to announce a clear successor.
A family firm is often operated and controlled by a member of the family to avoid principle-agent problem and for the family’s interests.
If the firm is divided equally, the family firm will be likely to be taken over or the family will lose control over the company because every member in the family holds limited shares and their interests are not likely to be aligned as well.
If a clear successor is appointed, the family firm will be less likely to be taken over because the successor holds enough shares to control the company and for anti-takeover.
问题2：对于剩下的三个哥哥，您对经营公司有什么建议？ 他们应该继续多样化还是专注于运输？
问题2：对于剩下的三个哥哥，您对经营公司有什么建议？ 他们应该继续多样化还是专注于运输？
我建议他们多样化。
Evergreen Corp.从航运业务开始，在陆路，空运和酒店方面实现了多元化的业务。
他们应该使业务多元化，因为投资航运业不再有效。
迄今为止，它已成为摇钱树，因为它占据了很大的市场份额，并且航运业也在稳定增长。
因此，对他们而言，继续投资航运业既困难又效率低下。
Question 2: what advice do you have for the three-remaining brother about running the firm going forward? Should they continue to diversify or focus on transport?
I would recommend them to diversify.
Evergreen Corp. began with shipping operations and diversified its business in aspects of land and air transportation and hotels.
They should diversify their business because it is no longer efficient to invest in shipping industry.
So far, it has become a cash cow as it takes up great market share and shipping industry is growing steadily.
Therefore, it is hard and not efficient for them to continue investing in shipping industry.
问题3：您认为三兄弟在移交给第三代时应该拆分家族企业吗？ 还是应该交给专业人员？
我认为他们应该将其移交给整个公司的专业人员。
不同部门之间的相互配合产生了相对有效的结果。 如果将家族企业拆分为不同的企业，则企业将无法以低成本进行合作或协调，因此效率较低。
此外，在行业中处于领先地位的部门如果分裂，将失去其领导地位，并可能因竞争和议价能力下降而导致利润减少。
Question 3: do you think the three brothers should split up the family firm when handing over to the third generation? Or should they hand over to professionals?
I think they should hand it over to professionals for the company as a whole.
Different departments coordinate with each other produce relatively efficient outcomes. If the family firm is split up into different firms, the firms will not be able to cooperate or coordinate at low cost, and hence less efficient.
Besides, departments that have taken lead in their industry, if split, will lose its leading position and may result in less profit because of competition and less bargaining power.
问题4：基于该示例，您如何看待大型企业集团中的家族纷争会影响其经济？ 政府应该采取行动来遏制这种庞大群体的成长，还是要激发他们成为国家拥护者？
问题4：基于该示例，您如何看待大型企业集团中的家族纷争会影响其经济？ 政府应该采取行动来遏制这种庞大群体的成长，还是要激发他们成为国家拥护者？
大型企业中的家庭纠纷损害了经济。 为了减少短期的经济波动，政府应减少这类大集团的增长。
管理层与股东之间需要合理性和利益一致性，但是，在家族争执，权力争夺中，管理层往往会失去理性并做出与股东利益背道而驰的决策，直接导致公司的低效率运营 ，股价间接下跌。 这两种后果都会损害经济。 因此，政府应采取行动减少此类案件。
Question 4: based on the example, how do you think family feuds in large business groups can affect their economies? Should governments act to curtail the growth of such large groups, or to stimulate them as national champions?
Family feuds in large business harm economies. And government, for less short-run volatility in economy, should curtail the growth of such large groups.
Rationality and interest alignment of the management and its shareholders are needed, however, when it comes to family feuds, to competition for power, the management often loses their rationality and makes decisions opposing to shareholders’ interests, which results in inefficient operation of companies directly, and stock price to drop indirectly. Both consequences harm the economy. Hence, government should take action to curtail such cases.
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关键词：网课代上；essay代写；网课代考
